INHALT

Regulation No 90 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement brake lining assemblies, drum brake linings and discs and drums for power-driven vehicles and their trailers

Regulation No 90 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement brake lining assemblies, drum brake linings and discs and drums for power-driven vehicles and their trailers
1. SCOPE
2. DEFINITIONS
2.1. General definitions
2.3.1. ‘Original brake disc/brake drum’
2.3.3. Replacement parts
3. APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL
3.4.1.2. Component description
3.4.2. Conformity of production
3.4.3. Sample quantities and usage
4. APPROVAL
5. SPECIFICATIONS AND TESTS
5.1. General
5.2. Requirements regarding the approval of a replacement brake lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum brake lining
5.2.1. Performance requirements
5.2.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M
1
, M
2
and N
1
5.2.1.2. Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M
3
, N
2
and N
3
5.2.1.3. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories O
1
and O
2
5.2.1.4. Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings for vehicles of categories O
3
and O
4
5.2.1.5. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of category L
5.2.2. Mechanical characteristics
5.2.2.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M
1
, M
2
, N
1
, O
1
, O
2
, and L
5.2.2.2. Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M
3
, N
2
, N
3
, O
3
, and O
4
5.2.2.2.1. Shear strength
5.2.2.2.2. Compressibility
5.2.2.2.3. Material hardness(5)
5.3. Technical requirements regarding the approval of a replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc
5.3.1. Original replacement brake discs/drums
5.3.2. Identical brake discs/drums
5.3.3. Equivalent replacement discs or drums
5.3.3.1. Geometric requirements
5.3.3.2. Material and metallurgical requirements
5.3.3.3. Performance requirements
5.3.4. Interchangeable replacement discs or drums
5.3.4.1. Geometric requirements
5.3.4.2. Performance requirements
5.3.5. Type
5.3.5.1. Type criteria for brake discs
5.3.5.1.1. Basic design
5.3.5.1.2. Material group
5.3.5.1.2.1. Cast iron
5.3.5.1.2.2. Steel
5.3.5.1.2.3. Composite materials
5.3.5.1.2.4. Multi-material construction
5.3.5.2. Type criteria for brake drums
5.3.6. Test group criteria (within the same type)
5.3.6.1. Replacement brake discs
5.3.6.1.1. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement brake discs in vehicles belonging to categories M
1
, M
2
, N
1
, N
2
, O
1
and O
2
5.3.6.1.1.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1 to 4 of Annex 11 or Annex 12
5.3.6.1.2. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement brake discs in vehicles belonging to categories M
3
, N
3
, O
3
and O
4
5.3.6.1.2.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1 to 4 of Annex 11 or Annex 12
5.3.6.2. Replacement brake drums
5.3.6.2.1. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement brake drums in vehicles belonging to categories M
1
, M
2
, N
1
, N
2
, O
1
and O
2
5.3.6.2.1.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1 to 4 of Annex 11 or Annex 12
5.3.6.2.2. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement brake drums in vehicles belonging to categories M
3
, N
3
, O
3
and O
4
5.3.6.2.2.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1 to 4 of Annex 11 or Annex 12
5.3.7. Scope of assessment with regard to replacement brake discs/drums
5.3.7.1. Geometric checks
5.3.7.2. Balancing provision
5.3.7.3. Assessment of the wear condition of the friction surfaces
5.3.7.4. Tests
5.3.8. Test report
6. PACKAGING AND MARKING
6.2. Packaging and marking requirements regarding replacement brake discs or replacement brake drums
6.2.2. Marking
7. MODIFICATIONS AND EXTENSION OF APPROVAL OF REPLACEMENT PARTS
8. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
9. PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
10. PRODUCTION DEFINITIVELY DISCONTINUED
11. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF TECHNICAL SERVICES RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING APPROVAL TESTS, AND OF TYPE-APPROVAL AUTHORITIES
12. TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
ANNEX 1A
COMMUNICATION
(Maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm))
ANNEX 1B
COMMUNICATION
(maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm))
ANNEX 2
ARRANGEMENTS OF THE APPROVAL MARK AND APPROVAL DATA
(See paragraph 4.2 of this Regulation)
Example of pad assembly marking
Example of shoe assembly marking
Example of drum brake lining marking
ANNEX 3
REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES M
1
, M
2
AND N
1
1. Conformance with Regulation No 13 or 13-H
1.1. Vehicle preparation
1.1.1. Test Vehicle
1.1.2. Bedding (burnishing) procedure
1.1.2.1. General conditions
1.1.2.2. Procedure
1.1.2.3. Performance check
1.2.1. Service braking system
1.2.2. Secondary braking system
1.2.3. Parking braking system
2. Additional requirements
2.1. Vehicle test (split axle test)
2.1.1. Cold performance equivalence test
2.1.2. Speed sensitivity test
2.2. Inertia dynamometer test
2.2.1. Test equipment
2.2.2. Test conditions
2.2.3. Cold performance equivalence test
2.2.4. Speed sensitivity test
ANNEX 4
REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES AND DRUM BRAKE LININGS FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES M
3
, N
2
AND N
3
1. Vehicle test
1.1. Test vehicle
1.2. Tests and requirements
1.2.1. Conformance with Regulation No 13
1.2.1.1.1. Service braking system
1.2.1.1.1.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden
1.2.1.1.1.4. Type-II test
1.2.1.1.2. Secondary braking system
1.2.1.1.3. Parking braking system
1.2.1.1.3.1. Downhill test at 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden
1.2.2. Additional requirements (split axle test)
1.2.2.1. Cold performance equivalence test
1.2.2.2. Speed sensitivity test
2. Inertia dynamometer test
2.1. Test equipment
2.1.1. Test conditions
2.2. Tests and requirements
2.2.1. Tests derived from Regulation No 13
2.2.1.1. Type-0 test
2.2.1.2. Type-0 test, high speed performance
2.2.1.3. Type-I test
2.2.1.3.1. Heating procedure
2.2.1.3.2. Hot performance
2.2.1.3.3. Recovery
2.2.1.4. Type-II test
2.2.1.4.1. Heating procedure
2.2.1.4.2. Hot performance
2.2.1.5. Static test for parking performance
2.2.2. Cold performance equivalence test
2.2.3. Speed sensitivity test
ANNEX 5
REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES O
1
AND O
2
1. General
2. Test equipment
2.1. Test conditions
3. Tests and requirements
3.1. Type-0 test
3.2. Type-I test
3.2.1. Heating procedure
3.2.2. Hot performance
3.3. Cold performance equivalence test
ANNEX 6
REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES AND DRUM BRAKE LININGS FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES O
3
AND O
4
1. Test conditions
2. Tests and requirements
2.1. Conformance with Regulation No 13, Annex 11
2.2. Cold performance equivalence test (Type-0)
ANNEX 7
REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE LINING ASSEMBLIES FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORY L
1. Test conditions
2. Tests and requirements
2.1. Conformance with Regulation No 78
2.1.1.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected
2.1.1.2. Type-0 test with engine connected
2.1.1.3. Type-0 test with wet brakes
2.1.1.4. Type-I test
2.2. Additional requirements
2.2.1. Cold performance equivalence test
2.2.2. Speed sensitivity test
ANNEX 8
Technical prescriptions for replacement brake lining assemblies intended for the use in separate parking brake systems being independent of the vehicle service brake system
1. Compliance with Regulation No 13 or 13-H
1.1. Vehicle test
ANNEX 9
SPECIAL ADDITIONAL PROCEDURES FOR CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
PART A
Determination of friction behaviour by machine testing
1. Introduction
2. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M
1
, M
2
, N
1
, O
1
, O
2
, and L
2.1. Equipment
2.2. Test procedure
2.2.1. Sample preparation
2.2.2. Test schedule
2.2.2.1. Test schedule with constant pressure
2.2.2.1.1. Pad assemblies
2.2.2.1.2. Shoe assemblies
2.2.2.2. Test schedule with constant torque
2.3. Evaluation of test results
2.3.1. Pad assemblies
2.3.2. Shoe assemblies
2.4. Acceptance criteria
3. Brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M
3
, N
2
, N
3
, O
3
, and O
4
3.1. Equipment
3.2. Test procedure
3.2.1. Sample preparation
3.2.2. Test schedule
3.3. Evaluation of test results
3.4. Acceptance criteria
PART B
Conformity of production for brake discs and drums
1. Introduction
2. Requirements
2.1. Chemical composition
2.2. Microstructure
2.3. Mechanical properties
2.4. Geometric features
2.5. Acceptance criteria
2.6. Documentation
2.7. Test frequency
ANNEX 10
ILLUSTRATIONS
1. Brake disc design types (examples)
Flat type
Cylinder type
Pot type
Conical type
Double flange type
2. Brake drum (example)
ANNEX 11
REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE DISCS OR BRAKE DRUMS FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORIES M AND N
1. Test overview
2. Verification of the vehicle test requirements
2.1. Test vehicle
2.2. Service braking system
2.2.1. Type-0 brake tests, engine disconnected, vehicle laden
2.2.2. Type-0 brake tests, engine connected, vehicle unladen and laden
2.2.3. Type-I brake tests
2.2.4. Type-II brake tests
2.3. Parking braking system (if required)
2.3.2. Static test with 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden
2.4. Testing the dynamic frictional properties (comparison test conducted on the individual axles)
2.4.1. Performance comparison test when the brakes are cold
3. Inertia dynamometer test
3.1. Equipping the dynamometer
3.2. Test conditions
3.2.1. Inertia mass of the inertia dynamometer
3.2.1.1. Dynamic rolling radius
3.2.1.2. Test mass
3.2.3. Cooling
3.2.3.2. Test carried out without a rim
3.2.4. Preparation of the brake
3.2.4.1. Disc brakes
3.2.4.2. Drum brakes
3.3. Alternative dynamometer performance test
3.4. Service braking system
3.4.1. Brake tests Type-0, vehicle laden
3.4.2. Brake tests Type-I
3.4.3. Brake tests Type-II
3.4.4. Brake tests simulation engine connected
3.5. Testing the dynamic frictional properties (comparison test conducted on the individual wheel brake)
4. Integrity tests using an inertia dynamometer
4.1. Brake discs
4.1.1. Brake disc thermal fatigue test
4.1.1.1. Vehicles of categories M
1
, N
1
4.1.1.1.1. Test conditions (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.1.1.2. Test programme (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.1.1.3. Test result (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.1.2. Vehicles of categories M
2
, M
3
, N
2
and N
3
4.1.1.2.1. Test conditions (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.1.2.1.1. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 7,5 t
4.1.1.2.1.2. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 3,5 t and ≤ 7,5 t
4.1.1.2.2. Test programme (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.1.2.3. Test result (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.2. Brake disc high load test
4.1.2.1. Vehicles of categories M
1
, N
1
4.1.2.1.1. Test conditions (brake disc high load test)
4.1.2.1.2. Test programme (brake disc high load test)
4.1.2.1.3. Test result (brake disc high load test)
4.1.2.2. Vehicles of categories M
2
, M
3
, N
2
and N
3
4.1.2.2.1. Test conditions (brake disc high load test)
4.1.2.2.2. Test programme (brake disc high load test)
4.1.2.2.3. Test result (brake disc high load test)
4.2. Brake drums
4.2.1. Brake drum thermal fatigue test
4.2.1.1. Vehicles of categories M
1
and N
1
4.2.1.1.1. Test conditions (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.1.2. Test programme (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.1.3. Test result (brake drum thermal fatigue)
4.2.1.2. Vehicles of categories M
2
, M
3
, N
2
, N
3
4.2.1.2.1. Test conditions (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.2.1.1. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 7,5 t
4.2.1.2.1.2. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 3,5 t and ≤ 7,5 t
4.2.1.2.2. Test programme (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.2.3. Test result (brake drum thermal fatigue)
4.2.2. Brake drum high load test
4.2.2.1. Vehicles of categories M
1
and N
1
4.2.2.1.1. Test conditions (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.1.2. Test programme (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.1.3. Test result (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.2. Vehicles of categories M
2
, M
3
, N
2
and N
3
4.2.2.2.1. Test conditions (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.2.2. Test programme (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.2.3. Test result (brake drum high load test)
ANNEX 12
REQUIREMENTS FOR REPLACEMENT BRAKE DISCS/DRUMS FOR VEHICLES OF CATEGORY O
1. Test overview
2. Verification of the vehicle test requirements
2.1. Test vehicle
2.2. Service braking system
2.2.1. Type-0 brake tests, vehicle laden
2.2.2. Type-I brake tests
2.2.3. Type-III brake tests
2.3. Parking braking system (if applicable)
2.3.2. Static test with 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden
2.4. Testing the dynamic frictional properties (comparison test conducted on the individual axles)
2.4.1. Performance comparison test when the brakes are cold
3. Inertia dynamometer test
3.1. Equipment of the dynamometer
3.2. Test conditions
3.2.1. Inertia mass of the inertia dynamometer
3.2.1.1. Dynamic rolling radius
3.2.1.2. Test mass
3.2.3. Cooling
3.2.3.2. Test carried out without a rim
3.2.4. Preparation of the brake
3.2.4.1. Disc brakes
3.2.4.2. Drum brakes
3.3. Alternative dynamometer performance test
3.4. Service braking system
3.4.1. Brake tests Type-0, vehicle laden
3.4.2. Brake tests Type-I
3.4.3. Brake tests Type-III
3.5. Testing the dynamic frictional properties (comparison test conducted on the individual wheel brake)
4. Integrity tests using an inertia dynamometer
4.1. Brake discs
4.1.1. Brake disc thermal fatigue test
4.1.1.1. Vehicles of categories O
1
and O
2
4.1.1.1.1. Test conditions (brake disc thermal fatigue)
4.1.1.1.2. Test programme (brake disc thermal fatigue)
4.1.1.1.3. Test result (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.1.2. Vehicles of categories O
3
and O
4
4.1.1.2.1. Test conditions (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.1.2.1.1. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 7,5 t
4.1.1.2.1.2. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 3,5 t and ≤ 7,5 t
4.1.1.2.2. Test programme (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.1.2.3. Test result (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
4.1.2. Brake disc high load test
4.1.2.1. Vehicles of categories O
1
and O
2
4.1.2.2. Vehicles of categories O
3
and O
4
4.1.2.2.1. Test conditions (brake disc high load test)
4.1.2.2.2. Test programme (brake disc high load test)
4.1.2.2.3. Test result (brake disc high load test)
4.2. Brake drums
4.2.1. Brake drum thermal fatigue test
4.2.1.1. Vehicles of categories O
1
and O
2
4.2.1.1.1. Test conditions (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.1.1.1. Vehicles with a maximum permissible axle load ≤ 1 200 kg
4.2.1.1.1.2. Vehicles with a maximum permissible axle load > 1 200 kg
4.2.1.1.2. Test programme (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.1.3. Test result (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.2. Vehicles of categories O
3
and O
4
4.2.1.2.1. Test conditions (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.2.1.1. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 7,5 t
4.2.1.2.1.2. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 3,5 t and ≤ 7,5 t
4.2.1.2.2. Test programme (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.1.2.3. Test result (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
4.2.2. Brake drum high load test
4.2.2.1. Vehicles of categories O
1
and O
2
4.2.2.1.1. Test conditions (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.1.2. Test programme (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.1.3. Test result (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.2. Vehicles of categories O
3
and O
4
4.2.2.2.1. Test conditions (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.2.2. Test programme (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.2.3. Test result (brake drum high load test)
ANNEX 13
MODEL TEST REPORT FOR A REPLACEMENT BRAKE DISC/DRUM
1. General technical description of a replacement brake disc/drum(1)
1.7. Material
1.8. Application range
1.9. Additional information(2)
2. Test groups
2.1. Dimensions per test group
2.2. Highest ratio of kinetic energy per test group in according to paragraph 5.3.6 of Regulation No 90
3. Technical data regarding the tests per test group
3.1. Vehicle test
3.1.1. Data of the test vehicle
3.1.1.11. Test masses
3.1.1.12.2. Brake calliper/Brake drum mechanism(1)
3.1.1.12.3. Brake pad/Brake lining(1)
3.1.2. Test equipment
3.1.3. Test track:
3.2. Dynamometer test
3.2.1. Test data
3.2.1.2. Dynamic rolling radius
3.2.1.3. Masses and inertia
3.2.1.4. Cooling …
3.2.1.5. Speed
3.2.1.6. Actuation device
3.2.1.7. Brake
3.2.1.7.1. Test sample brake disc/Brake drum(1)
3.2.1.7.2. Brake calliper/Brake drum mechanism(1)
3.2.1.7.3. Brake pad/Brake lining(1)
4. Record of test results
4.5.1. Brake performance
4.5.1.1. Service brake performance in the case of categories M, N(2)
4.5.1.2. Service brake performance in the case of categories M
2
, M
3
, N
2
, N
3
(2)
4.5.1.3. Service brake performance in the case of categories O
1
, O
2
, O
3
(2)
4.5.1.4. Service brake performance in the case of categories O
4
(2)
4.5.1.6. Dynamic friction properties diagram: deceleration vs pressure
5. Test Documents
6. Appendices