COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION (EU) 2019/1119
of 28 June 2019
on the approval of efficient vehicle exterior lighting using light emitting diodes for use in internal combustion engine vehicles and non-externally chargeable hybrid electrified vehicles as an innovative technology for reducing CO
2
emissions from passenger cars pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 setting emission performance standards for new passenger cars as part of the Community's integrated approach to reduce CO
2
emissions from light duty vehicles (1), and in particular Article 12(4) thereof,
Whereas:
(1) On 6 September 2018, the manufacturers Toyota Motor Europe NV/SA, Opel Automobile GmbH – PSA, FCA Italy S.p.A., Automobiles Citroën, Automobiles Peugeot, PSA Automobiles SA, Audi AG, Ford Werke GmbH, Jaguar Land Rover, Hyundai Motor Europe Technical Center GmbH, Škoda Auto a.s., BMW AG, Renault SA, Honda Motor Europe Ltd, Volkswagen AG and Volkswagen AG Nutzfahrzeuge (the ‘applicants’), submitted a joint application for the approval of efficient vehicle exterior lighting using light emitting diodes (efficient LED lighting) for use in internal combustion engine vehicles and non-externally chargeable hybrid electrified vehicles as an innovative technology. The application has been assessed in accordance with Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011 (2).
(2) Efficient LED lighting is a lighting module equipped with light emitting diodes sources that has lower power consumption than conventional halogen lighting.
(3) The application has been assessed in accordance with Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 443/2009, Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011 and the Technical Guidelines for the preparation of applications for the approval of innovative technologies pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 (Technical Guidelines, version July 2018).
(4) The application concerns CO
2
savings from the use of efficient LED lighting as assessed by reference to the Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) set out in Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 (3).
(5) Efficient LED lighting has already been approved by Commission Implementing Decisions 2014/128/EU (4), (EU) 2015/206 (5), (EU) 2016/160 (6), (EU) 2016/587 (7) and (EU) 2016/1721 (8) as an innovative technology capable of reducing CO
2
emissions by reference to the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) set out in Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 (9). Based on the experience gained from those Decisions, as well as taking into account the current application, it has been satisfactorily and conclusively demonstrated that efficient LED lighting including one or more appropriate combinations of efficient LED lights, such as the low beam headlamp, high beam headlamp, front position, front fog, rear fog, front turn signal, rear turn signal, licence plate and reversing lamps, meet the eligibility criteria referred to in Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 and Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011.
(6) The CO
2
savings from the use of efficient LED lighting may be partially demonstrated on the WLTP test. However, the applicants have provided a testing methodology with which it can be demonstrated, in a way capable of producing repeatable, verifiable and comparable results, that the savings achieved, whilst taking the partial coverage into account, are at least 0,5 g CO
2
/km.
(7) In order to ensure continuity, in particular with regard to the transition from the application of the NEDC to the WLTP CO
2
emissions test, it is appropriate to maintain halogen lighting as the baseline technology as provided for in Implementing Decisions 2014/128/EU, (EU) 2015/206, (EU) 2016/160, (EU) 2016/587, and (EU) 2016/1721.
(8) Manufacturers should have the possibility to apply with a type-approval authority for the certification of CO
2
savings from the use of efficient LED lightings in internal combustion engine vehicles and non-externally chargeable hybrid electrified vehicles. The manufacturer should for that purpose ensure that the application for certification is accompanied by a verification report from an independent verification body confirming the level of CO
2
savings to be certified and that all relevant conditions are met.
(9) If the type approval authority finds that the LED lighting does not satisfy the conditions for certification, the application for certification of the savings should be rejected.
(10) In order to facilitate a wider deployment of efficient LED lighting in new vehicles, a manufacturer should also have the possibility to apply for the certification of the CO
2
savings from several efficient LED lightings by a single certification application. It is however appropriate to ensure that, where that possibility is used, a mechanism is applied that incentivises the deployment of only those LED lighting that offer the highest efficiency.
(11) The CO
2
savings certified pursuant to this Decision are to be taken into account for the calculation of the average specific CO
2
emissions of manufacturers starting from calendar year 2021.
(12) For the purposes of determining the general eco-innovation code to be used in the relevant type approval documents in accordance with Annexes I, VIII and IX to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (10), the individual code to be used for the innovative technology for efficient LED Lightings for internal combustion engine vehicles and non-externally chargeable hybrid electrified vehicles should be specified,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
Article 1
Approval
The technology used in efficient light emitting diodes (LED) lighting is approved as an innovative technology within the meaning of Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 443/2009, where that innovative technology is used for the purpose of external lighting in internal combustion engine passenger cars and non-externally chargeable hybrid electrified passenger cars.
Article 2
Definition
For the purpose of this Decision, efficient LED lighting means a technology consisting of a lighting module that is equipped with light emitting diode (LED) sources that are used for the exterior lighting of a vehicle and that has a lower power consumption than conventional halogen lighting.
Article 3
Application for certification of CO
2
savings
1. Any manufacturer may apply for the certification of CO
2
savings from one or several exterior efficient LED lightings where those are used for the external lighting of internal combustion engine M
1
vehicles and non-externally chargeable hybrid electrified M
1
vehicles. The efficient LED lighting shall include one or a combination of the following LED lights:
(a) low beam headlamp (including adaptative front lighting system);
(b) high beam headlamp;
(c) front position lamp;
(d) front fog lamp;
(e) rear fog lamp;
(f) front turn signal lamp;
(g) rear turn signal lamp;
(h) licence plate lamp;
(i) reversing lamp;
(j) cornering lamp;
(k) static bending lamp.
The LED light or the combination of LED lights forming the efficient LED lighting shall as a minimum provide the CO
2
reduction specified in Article 9(1)(b) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011 as demonstrated using the testing methodology set out in the Annex to this Decision.
2. An application for the certification of the savings from one or a combination of efficient LED lighting shall be accompanied by an independent verification report confirming that the conditions set out in paragraph 1 are met.
3. The type approval authority shall reject the application for certification if it finds that the conditions set out in paragraph 1 are not met.
Article 4
Certification of CO
2
savings
1. The reduction in CO
2
emissions from the use of an efficient LED lighting referred to in Article 3(1) shall be determined using the methodology set out in the Annex.
2. Where a manufacturer applies for the certification of the CO
2
savings from more than one efficient LED lighting referred to in Article 3(1) in relation to one vehicle version, the type approval authority shall determine which of the efficient LED lighting tested delivers the lowest CO
2
savings, and record the lowest value in the relevant type approval documentation. That value shall be indicated in the certificate of conformity in accordance with Article 11(2) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011.
3. The type approval authority shall record the verification report and the test results on the basis of which the savings were determined and shall make that information available to the Commission on request.
Article 5
Eco-innovation code
The eco-innovation code No 28 shall be entered into the type approval documentation where reference is made to this Decision in accordance with Article 11(1) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011.
CO
2
savings recorded by reference to that eco-innovation code may be taken into account for the calculation of the average specific emissions of a manufacturer starting from calendar year 2021.
Article 6
Entry into force
This Decision shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the
Official Journal of the European Union
.
Done at Brussels, 28 June 2019.
For the Commission
The President
Jean-Claude JUNCKER
(1)
OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 1
.
(2) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011 of 25 July 2011 establishing a procedure for the approval and certification of innovative technologies for reducing CO
2
emissions from passenger cars pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (
OJ L 194, 26.7.2011, p. 19
).
(3) Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 of 1 June 2017 supplementing Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information, amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 1230/2012 and repealing Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 (
OJ L 175, 7.7.2017, p. 1
).
(4) Commission Implementing Decision 2014/128/EU of 10 March 2014 on the approval of the light emitting diodes low beam module ‘E-Light’ as an innovative technology for reducing CO
2
emissions from passenger cars pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (
OJ L 70, 11.3.2014, p. 30
).
(5) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/206 of 9 February 2015 on the approval of the Daimler AG efficient exterior lighting using light emitting diodes as an innovative technology for reducing CO
2
emissions from passenger cars pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (
OJ L 33, 10.2.2015, p. 52
).
(6) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/160 of 5 February 2016 on the approval of the Toyota Motor Europe efficient exterior lighting using light emitting diodes as an innovative technology for reducing CO
2
emissions from passenger cars pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (
OJ L 31, 6.2.2016, p. 70
).
(7) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/587 of 14 April 2016 on the approval of the technology used in efficient vehicle exterior lighting using light emitting diodes as an innovative technology for reducing CO
2
emissions from passenger cars pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (
OJ L 101, 16.4.2016, p. 17
).
(8) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/1721 of 26 September 2016 on the approval of the Toyota efficient exterior lighting using light emitting diodes for the use in non-externally chargeable hybrid electrified vehicles as an innovative technology for reducing CO
2
emissions from passenger cars pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council (
OJ L 259, 27.9.2016, p. 71
).
(9) Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 of 18 July 2008 implementing and amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information (
OJ L 199, 28.7.2008, p. 1
).
(10) Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 5 September 2007 establishing a framework for the approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles (Framework Directive) (
OJ L 263, 9.10.2007, p. 1
).
ANNEX
Methodology to determine the CO
2
savings of efficient LED lighting by reference to the Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure
1. INTRODUCTION
In order to determine the CO
2
emission reductions that can be attributed to efficient LED lighting consisting of an appropriate combination of external vehicle LED lights for the use in internal combustion engine M1 vehicles and non-externally chargeable hybrid electrified M1 vehicles, it is necessary to establish the following:
(1) the test conditions;
(2) the test equipment;
(3) the procedure to determine the power savings;
(4) the procedure to determine the CO
2
savings;
(5) the procedure to determine the uncertainty of the CO
2
savings.
2. SYMBOLS, PARAMETERS AND UNITS
Latin symbols
AFS
— Adaptive Front lighting System
B
— Baseline
CO
2
— Carbon dioxide
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— CO
2
savings [g CO
2
/km]
C
— Number of classes of the adaptive front lighting system
CF
— Conversion factor (l/100 km) - (g CO
2
/km) [gCO
2
/l]
EI
— Eco-innovative
HEV
— Hybrid Electrified Vehicle
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— CO
2
correction factor,
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
as defined in Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 Sub-Annex 8 Appendix 2
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Average of the T values of
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
m
— Number of efficient exterior LED lights composing the package
MT
— Minimum threshold [g CO
2
/km]
n
— Number of measurements of the sample
NOVC
— Not Off-Vehicle Charging
P
— Power consumption of the vehicle light [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Power consumption of the corresponding i light in a baseline vehicle [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Power consumption of the corresponding n sample for each class vehicle [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Power consumption for each class of vehicle (average of the n measurements) [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Power consumption of the Low beam AFS [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Average power consumption of the corresponding eco-innovative vehicle light [W]
ΔP
i
— Power savings of each efficient exterior LED light [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Standard deviation of the total CO
2
savings [g CO
2
/km]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Standard deviation of the
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Standard deviation of average of the T values of
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Standard deviation of average of power consumption for each class of vehicle [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Standard deviation of the LED light power consumption in eco-innovative vehicle [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Standard deviation of the average LED light power consumption mean in eco-innovative vehicle [W]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Uncertainty or Standard deviation of average of power of the Low beam AFS [W]
T
— Number of measurements performed by the manufacturer for the extrapolation of the
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
t
— Driving duration of the Worldwide Light vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC) [s], which is 1 800 s
UF
— Usage factor for the vehicle light [-] as defined in Table 6
v
— Mean driving speed of the Worldwide Light vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC) [km/h]
V
Pe
— Consumption of effective power [l/kWh]
share
c
— Time percentage per speed band in each vehicle class
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Sensitivity of calculated CO
2
savings related to the LED light power consumption
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
— Sensitivity of calculated CO
2
savings related to the CO
2
correction factor
η
A
— Efficiency of the alternator [-]
η
DCDC
— Efficiency of the DC-DC converter [-]
Subscripts
Index (c) refers to number of class of the adaptive front lighting system measurement of the sample
Index (i) refers to each vehicle lights
Index (j) refers to measurement of the sample
Index (t) refers to each number of measurements of T
3. TESTING CONDITIONS
The testing conditions shall fulfil the requirements of UN/ECE Regulations Nos 4 (1), 6 (2), 7 (3), 19 (4), 23 (5), 38 (6), 48 (7), 100 (8), 112 (9), 119 (10) and 123 (11). The power consumption shall be determined in accordance with point 6.1.4 of UN/ECE Regulation No 112, and points 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 of Annex 10 to that Regulation.
For the low beam adaptive front lighting system (AFS) falling within at least two of the Classes C, E, V or W as defined in Regulation UN/ECE No 123, unless it is agreed with the technical service that Class C is the representative/average LED intensity for the vehicle application, power measurements shall be done at the LED intensity of each class (Pc) as defined in Regulation UN/ECE 123. If Class C is the representative/average LED intensity for the vehicle application, power measurements shall be done in the same way as for any other exterior LED light included in the combination.
Test equipment
The following equipment shall be used, as shown in the Figure below:
— a power supply unit (i.e. variable voltage supplier);
— two digital multimeters, one for measuring the DC-current, and the other for measuring the DC-voltage. In the Figure, a possible test set-up is shown, when the DC-voltage meter is integrated in the power supply unit.
Test set-up
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Text of image
Current monitor
Variable voltage supplier
LED light
Measurements and determination of the power savings
For each efficient exterior LED light included in the combination the measurement of the current shall be performed as shown in the Figure at a voltage of 13,2 V. LED module(s) operated by an electronic light source control gear, shall be measured as specified by the applicant.
The manufacturer may request that other measurements of the current shall be done at other additional voltages. In that case, the manufacturer shall hand over verified documentation on the necessity to perform those other measurements to the type-approval authority. The measurements of the currents at each of those additional voltages shall be performed consecutively at least five times. The exact installed voltages and the measured current shall be recorded in four decimals.
The power consumption shall be determined by multiplying the installed voltage with the measured current. The average of the power consumption for each efficient exterior LED light (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
) shall be calculated. Each value shall be expressed in four decimals. When a stepper motor or electronic controller is used for the supply of the electricity to the LED lights, the electric load of that component part shall be excluded from the measurement.
Additional measurements for Low beam Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS)
Table 1
Classes of Low beam AFS
|
Class |
See point 1.3 and footnote 2 of UN/ECE Regulation 123 |
% LED Intensity |
Activation Mode (*1) |
|
C |
Base Passing Beam (Country) |
100 % |
50 km/h < speed < 100 km/h Or when no mode of another passing beam class is activated (V, W, E) |
|
V |
Town |
85 % |
Speed < 50 km/h |
|
E |
Motorway |
110 % |
Speed > 100 km/h |
|
W |
Adverse Conditions |
90 % |
Windshield wiper active > 2 min |
Where the power measurements at the LED intensity of each class are needed, after conducting the measurements of each P
c
, the power of the Low beam AFS (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
) shall be calculated as a weighted average of the LED Power during the WLTC speed bands, with the following Formula 1.
Formula 1
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where:
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
is the power consumption (mean of the n measurements) for each class;
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
is the WLTC time percentage per speed band in each class (WLTC last 1 800 s in total):
Table 2
|
Speed band |
Time |
WLTC_sharec (%) |
|
< 50 km/h: |
1 058 s |
0,588 (58,8 %) |
|
50 – 100 km/h |
560 s |
0,311 (31,1 %) |
|
> 100 km/h |
182 s |
0,101 (10,1 %) |
When the Low beam AFS only has 2 classes not covering all WLTC speeds (e.g. C & V), the weighting of Class C power shall also include the WLTC time not covered by the 2
nd
class (e.g. Class C time ‘t’ = 0,588 + 0,101)
The resulting power savings of each efficient exterior LED light (ΔP
i
) shall be calculated with the following Formula 2:
Formula 2
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
where the power consumption of the corresponding baseline vehicle light is as specified in Table 3:
Table 3
Power consumptions for different baseline vehicle lights
|
Vehicle light |
Total electric power (PB) [W] |
|
Low beam headlamp |
137 |
|
High beam headlamp |
150 |
|
Front position |
12 |
|
License plate |
12 |
|
Front fog lamp |
124 |
|
Rear fog lamp |
26 |
|
Front turn signal lamp |
13 |
|
Rear turn signal lamp |
13 |
|
Reversing lamp |
52 |
|
Cornering lamp |
44 |
|
Static Bending lamp |
44 |
4. CALCULATION OF THE CO
2
SAVINGS AND STATISTICAL MARGIN
4.1.
Calculation of the CO
2
savings
The total CO
2
savings of the lighting package shall be calculated in accordance with the specific powertrain of the vehicle (i.e. Conventional, NOVC-HEV).
4.1.1.
Conventional Vehicles (Internal Combustion Engine only)
The CO
2
savings shall be calculated in accordance with the following Formula 3:
Formula 3
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where:
v
: Mean driving speed of the WLTC [km/h], which is 46,60 km/h
η
A
: Efficiency of the alternator, which is 0,67
V
Pe
: Consumption of effective power as specified in Table 4
Table 4
Consumption of effective power
|
Type of engine |
Consumption of effective power (VPe) [l/kWh] |
|
Petrol |
0,264 |
|
Petrol Turbo |
0,280 |
|
Diesel |
0,220 |
CF
: Conversion factor (l/100 km) - (g CO
2
/km) [gCO
2
/l] as specified in Table 5:
Table 5
Fuel conversion factor
|
Type of fuel |
Conversion factor (l/100 km) - (g CO2/km) (CF) [gCO2/l] |
|
Petrol |
2 330 |
|
Diesel |
2 640 |
UF
i
: Usage factor for the vehicle light [-] as defined in Table 6.
Table 6
Usage factor for different vehicle lights
|
Vehicle light |
Usage factor (UF) [-] |
|
Low beam headlamp |
0,33 |
|
High beam headlamp |
0,03 |
|
Front position |
0,36 |
|
License plate |
0,36 |
|
Front fog lamp |
0,01 |
|
Rear fog lamp |
0,01 |
|
Front turn signal lamp |
0,15 |
|
Rear turn signal lamp |
0,15 |
|
Reversing lamp |
0,01 |
|
Cornering lamp |
0,076 |
|
Static Bending lamp |
0,15 |
4.1.2.
Hybrid Vehicles (NOVC-HEV only)
The CO
2
savings shall be calculated in accordance with the following Formula 4:
Formula 4
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where:
η
DCDC
: Efficiency of the DC-DC converter
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
: CO
2
correction factor
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
, as defined in paragraph 2.2 of Appendix 2 to Sub-Annex 8 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.
The efficiency of the DC-DC converter (
η
DCDC
) shall be evaluated in accordance with the appropriate vehicle architecture, as specified in Table 7:
Table 7
Usage factor for different vehicle lights
|
# |
Architecture |
ηDCDC |
|
1 |
Lights connected in parallel to the low voltage battery (lights fed directly from the high voltage battery via DCDC converter) |
0,xx |
|
2 |
Lights connected in series after the low voltage battery, and the low voltage battery connected in series to the High voltage battery |
1 |
|
3 |
High Voltage and low voltage batteries have exactly the same voltage (12 V, 48 V,…) as the lights |
1 |
For architecture #1, the efficiency of the DC-DC converter (
η
DCDC
) shall be the highest value resulting from the efficiency tests performed in the operative electric current range. The measuring interval shall be equal or lower than 10 % of the operative electric current range.
4.2.
Calculation of the statistical margin
The statistical margin of the lighting package shall be calculated in accordance with the specific powertrain of the vehicle (i.e. Conventional, NOVC-HEV).
4.2.1.
Conventional Vehicles (Internal Combustion Engine only)
The statistical margin of the results of the testing methodology caused by the measurements shall be quantified. For each efficient exterior LED light included in the package the standard deviation shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 5:
Formula 5
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where:
n
: Number of measurements of the sample, which is at least 5
Where the standard deviation of the power consumption of each efficient exterior LED light (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
) leads to an error in the CO
2
savings (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
) that error shall be calculated by means of Formula 6:
Formula 6
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
4.2.2.
Hybrid Vehicles (NOVC-HEV only)
The statistical margin of the results of the testing methodology caused by the measurements shall be quantified. For each efficient exterior LED light included in the package the standard deviation shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 7:
Formula 7
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where:
n
: Number of measurements of the sample, which is at least 5
The CO
2
-emission correction factor
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
shall be determined from a set of T measurements performed by the manufacturer, in accordance with paragraph 2.2 of Appendix 2 to Sub-Annex 8 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151. For each measurement, electric balance during the test and the measured CO
2
-emissions shall be recorded.
In order to evaluate the statistical error of
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
, all T combinations without repetitions of T-1 measurements shall be used to extrapolate T different values of
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
(i.e.
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
). The extrapolation shall be performed in accordance with the method defined in paragraph 2.2 of Appendix 2 to Sub-Annex 8 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.
The standard deviation of
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
shall be calculated in accordance with Formula 8.
Formula 8
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where:
T
: Number of measurements performed by the manufacturer for the extrapolation of the
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
as defined in paragraph 2.2 of Appendix 2 to Sub-Annex 8 to Annex XXI to Regulation (EU) 2017/1151.
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
: mean of the T values of
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where the standard deviation of the power consumption of each efficient exterior LED light (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
) and the standard deviation of the
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
lead to an error in the CO
2
savings (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
), that error shall be calculated by means of Formula 9.
Formula 9
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
4.3.
Statistical margin for Low beam AFS
Where the Low beam AFS is present, formulae 9 shall be adapted to take into account the additional measurements required.
The value of the uncertainty (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
) that is to be used for the Low beam AFS shall be calculated with the following formulae 10 and 11:
Formula 10
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Formula 11
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where:
n
: Number of measurements of the sample, which is at least 5
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
: mean of the n values of P
c
5. ROUNDING
The calculated CO
2
savings value (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
) and the statistical margin of the CO
2
saving (
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
) shall be rounded to a maximum of two decimal places.
Each value used in the calculation of the CO
2
savings may be applied unrounded or rounded to the minimum number of decimal places which allows the combined impact of all rounded values on the savings to be lower than 0,25 gCO
2
/km.
6. STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE
It shall be demonstrated for each type, variant and version of a vehicle fitted with the efficient LED lightings that the uncertainty of the CO
2
savings calculated in accordance with Formula 6 or Formula 9 is not greater than the difference between the total CO
2
savings and the minimum savings threshold specified in Article 9(1) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011 (see Formula 12).
Formula 12
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
Where:
MT
:
minimum threshold [g CO
2
/km]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
:
total CO
2
saving [g CO
2
/km]
[Bild bitte in Originalquelle ansehen]
:
standard deviation of the total CO
2
saving [gCO
2
/km]
Where the total CO
2
emission savings of the efficient LED lighting as determined in accordance with the testing methodology set out in this Annex are below the threshold specified in Article 9(1)(b) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011 the second subparagraph of Article 11(2) of that Regulation shall apply.
(1)
OJ L 4, 7.1.2012, p. 17
.
(2)
OJ L 213, 18.7.2014, p. 1
.
(3)
OJ L 285, 30.9.2014, p. 1
.
(4)
OJ L 250, 22.8.2014, p. 1
.
(5)
OJ L 237, 8.8.2014, p. 1
.
(6)
OJ L 148, 12.6.2010, p. 55
.
(7)
OJ L 323, 6.12.2011, p. 46
.
(8)
OJ L 302, 28.11.2018, p. 114
.
(9)
OJ L 250, 22.8.2014, p. 67
.
(10)
OJ L 89, 25.3.2014, p. 101
.
(11)
OJ L 222, 24.8.2010, p. 1
.
(
*1
)
Activation speeds to be checked for each vehicle application in accordance with UN/ECE Regulation No 48 section 6, chapter 6.22, paragraphs 6.22.7.4.1 (class C), 6.22.7.4.2 (class V), 6.22.7.4.3 (class E), 6.22.7.4.4 (class W).
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