2.   The Parties shall cooperate to ensure the independence, accountability and impartiality of the judiciary. They shall pursue modernised and efficient court systems and procedures, including by sharing best practices, improve the capacity to deliver justice in an expeditious and fair manner, develop the use of legal alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, reduce backlogs and excessive pre-trial detention, provide adequate training, and improve access by legal practitioners and the public to legislation, case-law and other legal information.

3.   The Parties shall oppose and condemn all forms of torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment. They shall prevent and address violations by security forces and enhance respect for the rule of law along the security and judiciary chains, including through ethics training. They shall strengthen the fight against impunity and the denial of victims' right to justice and redress, with a particular emphasis on bringing perpetrators of human rights violations to justice.

4.   The Parties shall cooperate to modernise penitentiary systems and maximise their rehabilitative role, including by improving respect for prisoners' rights, implementing rehabilitation and education programmes, increasing the rate of social reintegration of inmates, supporting the care for prisoners, working towards the eradication of overcrowding, improving prison management, administration and conditions in line with international best practices and standards, and providing alternatives to imprisonment for lesser crimes.

1.   The Parties shall take concrete measures to build inclusive, accountable and transparent public institutions. They shall strengthen the capacity for policy design and implementation, develop an accountable, efficient, transparent and professional civil service, strengthen the delivery of quality public services, improve legislative and governance mechanisms, and promote the impartiality and effectiveness of law enforcement bodies.

2.   The Parties shall strengthen the capacities of parliaments and local, municipal, national and regional institutions to ensure and enhance respect for democratic principles and practices.

3.   The Parties shall promote respect for freedom of expression and media independence and pluralism, and preserve and broaden an enabling space for civil society, with a view to improving democratic accountability.

4.   The Parties shall accelerate wider use of e-governance and digital services infrastructure as a means to enhance access to, and the availability of, public services, thereby supporting the development of accountable and transparent public institutions.

5.   The Parties shall develop and strengthen institutions, legislation and mechanisms to prevent and combat corruption, bribery, fraud and corporate crimes, including on the confiscation and return of recovered assets. They shall ensure that anti-corruption legislation is effectively enforced and that impartial investigations and prosecutions are conducted, and that effective, proportionate sanctions and penalties for corruption and corruption-related crimes are applied. They shall promote and implement relevant international standards and instruments, notably the UN Convention against Corruption, done at New York on 31 October 2003, acknowledging that corruption is a transnational issue which is linked to other forms of transnational and economic crime and which requires joint and multi-disciplinary efforts also at international level.